Interest accrual on a line of credit typically involves calculating interest daily and compounding it monthly. The financial institution determines an annual percentage rate (APR), which is then divided by 365 (or 360 in some cases) to obtain the daily periodic rate. This daily rate is multiplied by the outstanding principal balance each day. These daily interest charges are then summed at the end of the billing cycle and added to the principal. For example, a $10,000 line of credit with a 12% APR would have a daily periodic rate of approximately 0.000329 (0.12/365). If $5,000 is drawn and remains outstanding for 30 days, the interest charged would be roughly $49.32 (0.000329 $5,000 30).
Understanding the mechanics of interest calculation empowers borrowers to manage their finances effectively. Accruing interest only on the utilized portion of the credit line offers flexibility and cost savings compared to traditional loans where interest is charged on the full amount borrowed, regardless of usage. Historically, access to flexible credit lines has been instrumental for businesses and individuals in managing cash flow, bridging financial gaps, and capitalizing on opportunities. This access facilitates growth, investment, and financial stability within the broader economy.